Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a heart disease affecting the left ventricle, leading to enlargement and weakened pumping ability. Symptoms range from fatigue to chest pain and fainting. Complications include heart failure, valve disease, and irregular heartbeat. DCM can be idiopathic or inherited, with familial cases often linked to genetic changes in the TTN gene. Familial DCM typically manifests in mid-adulthood but can occur at any age, causing symptoms like arrhythmia, shortness of breath, fatigue, fainting, and leg swelling. The condition results in heart failure over time. An intrinsic cardiomyopathy, DCM is characterized by an enlarged heart and inefficient blood pumping due to myocardial damage. It can also be caused by congenital anomalies of coronary arteries, leading to systolic ventricular dysfunction. DCM is diagnosed when ventricular dilation and dysfunction occur without haemodynamic, physiological, or anatomic causes. Morphofunctional phenotype changes can establish a diagnosis of dilated cardiomyopathy after appropriate intervention.